Research in the context of epidemic threats

Pregnant and lactating women and their babies are often at increased risk of both direct and indirect adverse outcomes during epidemics and pandemics.

Despite repeated calls to generate evidence on the safety and efficacy of medicines, vaccines and other protective measures in the context of epidemic threats, complex medical, ethical, regulatory, legal and social challenges remain.

Roadmap for research on maternal and perinatal health in the context of epidemic threats

The WHO Roadmap for research on maternal and perinatal health in the context of epidemic threats provides a comprehensive strategy to address the unique challenges pregnant and lactating women and infants face during epidemics. The Roadmap seeks to fill gaps in what is known through research, the sharing of findings, and by delivering actionable solutions to improve outcomes for pregnant and lactating women and their infants during health emergencies.

The Roadmap is grounded in a vision of a world where every pregnant and lactating woman and her infant(s), no matter where they live or their economic situation, receive the highest standard of care during and after pregnancy – even in the most challenging of times.

The development of the Roadmap followed a rigorous and systematic process, starting with a comprehensive landscape and gaps analysis and multiple consultative meetings. It calls on a wide range of stakeholders – including researchers, policy-makers, health workers, international organizations and community advocates – to join forces in four action areas: coordination, advocacy, research capacity, and evidence use.

Key resources

WHO Roadmap for research on maternal and perinatal health in the context of epidemic threats

Bonet M, Babinska M, Buekens P, Goudar SS, Kampmann B, et al. Maternal and perinatal health research during emerging and ongoing epidemic threats: a landscape analysis and expert consultation. BMJ Glob Health. 2024 Mar 7;9(3):e014393. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-014393.  

Guidance for managing ethical issues in infectious disease outbreaks. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016

Ethical standards for research during public health emergencies: Distilling existing guidance to support COVID-19 R&D. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020

Responding to the global mpox outbreak Ethics issues and considerations.  A policy brief. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2023

Guidance for research ethics committees for rapid review of research during public health emergencies. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020

Solidarity Trials Core Protocol - Randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of select therapeutic agents in the treatment of Ebola Disease. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022

CORE PROTOCOL - An international adaptive multi-country randomized,placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial of the safety and efficacy of treatments for patients with monkeypox virus disease. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022 

Safe in Pregnancy and Children: an online interactive platform synthesizes emerging information on vaccine safety, efficacy, effectiveness, and immunogenicity in pregnancy and childhood. At present, it includes data on COVID-19, chikungunya, lassa fever and mpox.